EU lawmakers to vote on Mercosur deal court challenge
Farm trade fears fuel bid to delay EU–South America pact
21 January 2026
1 minute read
By: EU lawmakers will vote on Wednesday on whether to challenge the European Union's contentious free trade agreement with South America in the bloc's top court, a move that could delay the deal by two years and potentially derail it, reported Reuters.
The European Union signed its largest-ever trade pact with Mercosur members Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay on Saturday. The agreement now requires approval before it can take effect.
Opponents, led by France - the EU's largest agricultural producer - say the deal will sharply increase imports of cheap beef, sugar and poultry, undercutting domestic farmers who have staged repeated protests.
Legal challenge
A group of 144 lawmakers has lodged a legal challenge asking the EU Court of Justice to rule on whether the agreement can be applied before full ratification by all member states and whether its provisions restrict the EU's ability to set environmental and consumer health policies. The court typically takes around two years to deliver such opinions.
If referred to the court, the EU could still apply the pact provisionally pending the ruling and parliamentary approval. But doing so could prove politically difficult given the likely backlash, and the European Parliament would retain the power to annul it later.
The vote in parliament is due to take place at 1130 GMT.
Supporters including Germany and Spain point to US President Donald Trump's disruption of global trade. They argue the deal is essential to offset business lost to US tariffs and to reduce reliance on China by securing access to critical minerals. They also warn that Mercosur governments are losing patience with the EU after years of negotiations.
